Njirimara semiconductor seramiki

Atụmatụ:

The resistivity nke ceramik na semiconductor Njirimara bụ banyere 10-5 ~ 107ω.cm, na semiconductor Njirimara nke seramiiki ihe nwere ike nweta site doping ma ọ bụ na-eme ka lattice ntụpọ mere site stoichiometric deviation. Ceramics na-eji usoro a gụnyere TiO2,

ZnO, CdS, BaTiO3, Fe2O3, Cr2O3 na SiC. Ụdị dị iche iche nkeseramiki semiconductorbụ na eletriki eletrik ha na-agbanwe na gburugburu ebe obibi, nke enwere ike iji mee ụdị ngwaọrụ dị iche iche nke seramiiki.

Dị ka ihe na-emetụ ọkụ, ikuku gas, mmetụta iru mmiri, mmetụta nrụgide, ọkụ ọkụ na ihe mmetụta ndị ọzọ. Semiconductor spinel ihe, dị ka Fe3O4, na-agwakọta ya na ndị na-abụghị conductors spinel ihe, dị ka MgAl2O4, na-achịkwa siri ike ngwọta.

Enwere ike iji MgCr2O4, na Zr2TiO4, dị ka thermistors, nke ejiri nlezianya na-achịkwa ngwaọrụ nguzogide dị iche iche na okpomọkụ. Enwere ike gbanwee ZnO site na ịgbakwunye oxides dị ka Bi, Mn, Co na Cr.

Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a oxides na-adịghị solidly etisasịwo na ZnO, ma deflection na ọka ókè-etolite a mgbochi oyi akwa, nke mere na-enweta ZnO varistor seramiiki ihe, na bụ ụdị ihe na kasị mma arụmọrụ na varistor ceramics.

SiC doping (dị ka mmadụ carbon oji, graphite ntụ ntụ) nwere ike ịkwadebeihe semiconductorna elu okpomọkụ kwụsie ike, eji dị ka iche iche na-eguzogide kpo oku, ya bụ, silicon carbon mkpara na elu okpomọkụ ọkụ ọkụ eletrik. Jikwaa resistivity na obe nke SiC iji nweta ihe ọ bụla achọrọ

Ọnọdụ na-arụ ọrụ (ruo 1500 Celsius C), ịba ụba nke resistivity ya na ibelata akụkụ obe nke ihe ọkụkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ga-eme ka okpomọkụ dị elu. Mkpanaka carbon carbon na ikuku ga-eme mmeghachi omume oxidation, ojiji nke okpomọkụ na-ejedebe na 1600 Celsius C n'okpuru, ụdị nkịtị nke silicon carbon mkpanaka mkpanaka.

Okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma bụ 1350 Celsius. Na SiC, a na-anọchi Si atom site na N atom, n'ihi na N nwere ọtụtụ electrons, e nwere ngafe electrons, na ike ya larịị dị nso na ala conduction band na ọ dị mfe ibuli na conduction band, otú a ike ọnọdụ. a na-akpọkwa ọkwa inye onyinye, ọkara a

Ndị na-eduzi bụ N-ụdị semiconductors ma ọ bụ eletrọnịkị na-eduzi semiconductor. Ọ bụrụ na a na-eji Al atom na SiC iji dochie atom Si atom, n'ihi enweghị eletrọn, ọnọdụ ike kpụrụ akpụ dị nso na valence electron band n'elu, ọ dị mfe ịnakwere electrons, ya mere a na-akpọ ya nnabata.

Isi ike larịị, nke na-ahapụ ohere ohere na valence band nke nwere ike na-eduzi electrons n'ihi na ohere ohere na-eme otu ihe ahụ dị ka mma ụgwọ ebu, a na-akpọ P-ụdị semiconductor ma ọ bụ oghere semiconductor (H. Sarman,1989).